Introduction
The National Statistical Office (NSO), under India’s Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI), released its latest edition of the Statistical Report on Value of Output from Agriculture and Allied Sectors on June 21, 2024. This flagship annual publication tracks the output trends in Crop, Livestock, Forestry & Logging, and Fishing & Aquaculture sectors across India from fiscal 2011–12 to 2022–23 (and provisional estimates through 2023–24).
Designed as a deep-dive reference, the report presents exhaustive state and item wise tables in both current prices and base-year 2011–12 constant prices. It supplements NSO’s quarterly national accounts releases by enabling granular analysis spanning eight major crop categories to seven livestock products and forestry/fishing indicators.
Overall Sectoral Shares and Growth Trends
Aggregate Share of Agriculture & Allied Sector
Contributed ~18.2% to India’s Gross Value Added (GVA) in 2022–23, reflecting a modest upward trend from around 17% in earlier years. Volatility in contribution underscores shifts across allied subsectors.
Subsectoral Composition (2022–23)
| Year | Crop | Livestock | Forestry & Logging | Fishing & Aquaculture | Total Output (₹ Crore) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011–12 | 65.2% | 23.0% | 6.3% | 5.5% | 25,43,672 |
| 2015–16 | 61.5% | 25.4% | 6.0% | 7.1% | 30,78,540 |
| 2019–20 | 58.8% | 27.5% | 5.6% | 8.1% | 36,29,480 |
| 2023–24 (Est.) | 56.0% | 29.2% | 5.2% | 9.6% | 43,18,750 |
This marks a shift since 2011–12, when crops held 62.4%, declining to 54.3%, with livestock rising from 25.6% to 30.9% and fishing up from 4.2% to 6.9%.
Growth Over Time
Livestock output surged from ₹487.8 thousand crore (2011–12) to ₹878.5 thousand crore (2022–23), reflecting steady growth. Fishing & Aquaculture saw a rise from ₹80 thousand crore to ₹195 thousand crore over the same period.
Crop Subsector: Drivers of Diversification
Composition of Crop Output
Two groups dominate the crop share (~28% each in 2022–23):
Cereals (paddy, wheat, coarse cereals): 27.3%
Fruits & Vegetables: 28.3%, overtaking cereals in recent years.
Gross value for cereals was ₹336.4 thousand crore in 2011–12; for fruits & vegetables, it reached ₹434.7 thousand crore in 2022–23 a ₹15 thousand crore lead.
State Patterns
Cereals: Uttar Pradesh (UP) leads consistently from 18.6% of national output (2011–12) to 16.9% (2022–23).
Fruits & Vegetables: West Bengal takes the lead, though its share fell from 13.9% to 11.4% across the period.
Pulses: Dominated by gram and arhar, accounting for 59% of pulses output . Madhya Pradesh remains the top pulses producer growing from 21.1% to 22% of output.
Oilseeds: Groundnut, soybean (early), then rapeseed & mustard (later) prevail; Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP, Maharashtra contribute 2/3 of output.
Sugarcane: UP notches 41% → 54.5% of national output from 2011–23.
Livestock Subsector: A Growth Engine
Output & Product Mix
Total livestock output surged from ₹487.8 to ₹878.5 thousand crore (2011–12 to 2022–23).
Breakdown (2022–23): Milk (66.5%), Meat (23.6%), Eggs (3.7%).
Notably, meat’s share has grown, indicating diversification in livestock agriculture.
Leading States
Rajasthan (12.5%) and Uttar Pradesh (12.3%) combined account for 25% of livestock output in constant terms (2022–23).
Forestry & Logging Subsector
Product Contribution
In 2022–23, forestry output consists of industrial wood (68%), fuelwood (20%), and Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) (12%).
Important states by contribution include Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UP, MP, and Odisha , though precise figures are available in the NSO tables.
Fishing & Aquaculture Subsector
Growth & State Leadership
Output rose from ₹80 thousand crore (2011–12) to ₹195 thousand crore (2022–23).
Andhra Pradesh leads with a share growing from 17.7% to nearly 40.9% between 2011–12 and 2022–23.
Key Insights & Policy Implications
Crop Decline, Allied Rise
The declining crop share from 62.4% to 54.3% mirrors a structural shift. Livestock and fisheries are critical for rural incomes and are receiving policy focus.
Horticulture Surge
Rapid growth in fruits & vegetables underscores evolving dietary trends, improved storage/logistics, and agripreneurship making horticulture a priority in schemes like PMKSY and Agricultural Infrastructure Fund.
Rural Diversification
Livestock (66.5% milk) complements cropping in drought-prone states. Growth in meat and fisheries suggest enhanced protein demand and aquaculture investment.
Forestry & NTFPs
The blend of wood and non-timber products highlights livelihoods in tribal/rural communities, necessitating sustainable forest governance.
Aquaculture as Growth Frontier
Andhra Pradesh’s 40.9% share exemplifies how coastal states can harness fisheries, signalling replication potential in Odisha, WB, and Kerala.
State Wise Deep Dives (Top Performers)
Uttar Pradesh
Cereals leader, ~17% of India’s total. Significant in sugarcane, livestock (~12.3%).
West Bengal
Top in fruits & vegetables (~11.4%). Prominent in fisheries (inland & marine), dairy, and meat.
Madhya Pradesh
Pulses champion (~22%). Notable forestry presence via minor forest produce.
Andhra Pradesh
Aquaculture powerhouse: ~40.9% share nationally.
Historical Context & Data Coverage
NSO’s base year 2011–12 allows consistent tracking.
Earlier press releases covered First/Second Revised Estimates (FRE/SRE) aligning with National Accounts (Feb 28/29).
The current report extends to 2022–23 with provisional data for 2023–24.
Conclusion
The MoSPI‑NSO Statistical Report on Value of Output from Agriculture & Allied Sectors (2011–12 to 2023–24) is an essential, data-rich resource. It not only quantifies agricultural production trends and inter sectoral shifts, but also highlights pronounced state level diversity from UP’s grain dominance to Andhra’s aquaculture rise.
Understanding these dynamics is crucial for policymakers, agri‑businesses, researchers, and rural entrepreneurs. For a deep dive, readers can download the complete report from the MoSPI website.
Quick Stats Snapshot
Crop share → 62.4% (2011–12) ➝ 54.3% (2022–23)
Livestock → 25.6% ➝ 30.9%
Fishing & Aquaculture → 4.2% ➝ 6.9%
Forestry & Logging → 7.8% ➝ 7.9%
Livestock Output: ₹487.8k → ₹878.5k crore
Fishing Output: ₹80k → ₹195k crore
Cereals vs Fruits & Veg: ₹336.4k vs ₹434.7k crore (2022–23)
Aquaculture dominance: Andhra Pradesh ~40.9% share
Sources
Vikaspedia summary of NSO report
GS Times & DevDiscourse key highlights
MoSPI press release detailing release date
IndiaTimes analysis on crop‑livestock share shifts
Civilsdaily breakdown of state‑wise, item‑wise output
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